Methodology
How every number on this site is produced
If a figure cannot be reproduced from a published source and stated arithmetic, it does not belong on the site. This page is the arithmetic.
Reviewed by the PakTools data desk · Last reviewed August 2026 · Who writes this
Gold and silver
International spot prices are quoted in US dollars per troy ounce, where one ounce is 31.1035 grams. We divide by that to get a dollar gram price, multiply by the interbank USD/PKR rate for a rupee gram price, then multiply by 11.6638 for a tola and by ten for the 10-gram figure.
Purity is applied proportionally to the pure-gold price, with no separate assumption for alloy value.
| Purity | Factor applied to 24K | Typical use in Pakistan |
|---|---|---|
| 24K | 1.0000 | Bullion, coins, investment bars |
| 22K | 0.9167 | Traditional jewellery |
| 21K | 0.8750 | Imported Gulf designs |
| 18K | 0.7500 | Stone-set and lighter jewellery |
Currency
We publish interbank rates. Where a source quotes a currency against the US dollar rather than the rupee, we cross the two rates rather than mixing providers, so every pair on the site is internally consistent at the same timestamp.
Open market cash rates are not published here because they vary by counter and city; the difference between the two markets is explained in the interbank versus open market guide.
Refresh cadence and stale-data handling
| Data | Refresh | If the source fails |
|---|---|---|
| Gold, silver, currency | Every 15 minutes, stored with a timestamp | The last good value stays visible with its original timestamp — never a fabricated number |
| Weather | On request, cached 10 minutes | The page states that the forecast is unavailable |
| Prayer, sehri, iftar, Qibla | Calculated per city per day | Calculation is deterministic from coordinates, so it does not fail with a feed |
| Fuel prices | On notification | Effective date shown so you can see how current it is |
| Tax and duty tables | On notification | Notification named on the page |
Timestamps are always Pakistan Standard Time. A rate older than about thirty minutes is flagged in our internal audit so it gets attention before you notice it.
Prayer and Islamic timings
Prayer times use the University of Islamic Sciences, Karachi method with the Hanafi Asr convention, calculated from each city's coordinates. Sehri ends at Fajr and iftar begins at Maghrib.
Qibla bearing is the great-circle initial bearing from the city to the Kaaba at 21.4225°N, 39.8262°E, given as degrees clockwise from true north — not magnetic north, so a phone compass may differ by the local declination.
Calculator assumptions
| Calculator | Assumption |
|---|---|
| Salary tax | Current FBR salaried slabs, marginal application, no allowance-specific exemptions |
| Zakat | 2.5% of net zakatable assets, nisab from the live gold and silver rate, silver nisab used when it is lower |
| Loan / EMI | Flat reducing-balance monthly instalment; bank processing fees and insurance excluded |
| Land units | 1 marla = 272.25 sq ft, 1 kanal = 20 marla, 1 acre = 8 kanal |
| Weight | 1 tola = 11.6638 g, 1 tola = 12 masha, 1 masha = 8 ratti |
What we will not do
We do not round a rate to make it look tidier, present a stale number as live, or create multiple near-identical pages for the same question in order to appear more often in search results. One question gets one canonical page.